How to Translate Ukrainian Court Terms into German, English, and Russian

Legal terminology you can’t afford to mistranslate

作者： Tymur Levitin — founder, director, and senior teacher at Levitin Language School
🔗 Choose your language: https://levitinlanguageschool.com/#languages

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Understanding the Difference: Not All Court Documents Are Equal

Legal translation is never just about language — it’s about legal systems. Ukrainian court documents come in different legal forms: рішення, ухвала, судовий наказ, витяг. Each has its own meaning, structure, and consequences. If you translate them simply as “decision” or “judgment” — you’re wrong.

In this article, we compare four official 乌克兰 court documents with their equivalents in 德国, 英语和 俄罗斯 — and show why precision matters.

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📘 1. Рішення суду — Court Decision / Judgment

语言	Term
德国	Urteil / Entscheidung (in civil cases also: Endurteil)
英语	Court decision / Judgment / Final ruling
俄罗斯	Решение суда

✅ This is the most common court document: it contains the full legal reasoning, final conclusions, and consequences. It usually closes the case.

例如
📄 Рішення суду про розірвання шлюбу.
➤ EN: Court decision on divorce.
➤ DE: Urteil über die Scheidung.
➤ RU: Решение суда о расторжении брака.

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📘 2. Ухвала суду — Court Ruling / Procedural Order

语言	Term
德国	Beschluss
英语	Court ruling / Order / Interim ruling
俄罗斯	Определение суда / Постановление

✅ Used for procedural steps — accepting a claim, transferring jurisdiction, setting a hearing, etc.

例如
📄 Ухвала суду про відкриття провадження.
➤ EN: Court ruling on opening the case.
➤ DE: Beschluss über die Verfahrenseröffnung.
➤ RU: Определение суда об открытии производства.

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📘 3. Судовий наказ — Court Order (Simplified Procedure)

语言	Term
德国	Vollstreckungsbescheid / gerichtlicher Mahnbescheid
英语	Court order / Payment order / Summary decision
俄罗斯	Судебный приказ

✅ A fast-track document issued without a full hearing. Used when the claim is uncontested (e.g., alimony, debt).

例如
📄 Судовий наказ про стягнення аліментів.
➤ EN: Court order for child support recovery.
➤ DE: Vollstreckungsbescheid wegen Unterhaltsforderungen.
➤ RU: Судебный приказ о взыскании алиментов.

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📘 4. Витяг з рішення суду — Extract from Court Decision

语言	Term
德国	Auszug aus dem Urteil / Entscheidungsauszug
英语	Extract from court decision
俄罗斯	Выписка из решения суда

✅ A certified excerpt (not full decision) — with essential data (parties, date, result). Used for official proof abroad.

例如
📄 Витяг з рішення суду про визнання батьківства.
➤ EN: Extract from the court decision on paternity recognition.
➤ DE: Auszug aus dem Gerichtsbeschluss über die Vaterschaftsanerkennung.
➤ RU: Выписка из решения суда о признании отцовства.

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⚖️ Why This Matters in Legal Translation

Using the wrong term can result in:

• ❌ Rejection by foreign institutions
• ❌ Invalid apostille/legalization
• ❌ Legal confusion for the client
• ✅ Accurate translation ensures legal clarity across borders.

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🔗 Related Pages

• Study German with us
• Study English with us
• Study Ukrainian with us

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👤 Author and Copyright

Tymur Levitin 的作者专栏
Founder, Director, and Senior Teacher at Levitin Language School / Start Language School by Tymur Levitin
© Tymur Levitin。保留所有权利。
Translation logic and methodology: author’s original system.
全球学习。个人方法。