German adverbs can look similar but carry different nuances. A common confusion for learners is between шон і bereits. Both often translate as вже, but they are not always interchangeable.
The Simple Rule
- шон → very common in everyday spoken German.
- bereits → more formal, used in writing, news, and official contexts.
Schon: Everyday Usage
Шон. is flexible and used constantly in daily conversations.
Приклади:
- Ich habe schon gegessen. (I have already eaten.)
- Bist du schon fertig? (Are you already finished?)
- Er ist schon da. (He is already there.)
It can also mean yet або even, depending on context:
- Schon um 7 Uhr war er da. (He was there as early as 7 o’clock.)
Bereits: Formal and Written Style
Bereits is more common in newspapers, reports, and official texts. It has the same meaning as вже, but sounds more formal.
Приклади:
- Die Firma hat das Projekt bereits abgeschlossen. (The company has already completed the project.)
- Bereits im 19. Jahrhundert gab es diese Tradition. (As early as the 19th century, this tradition existed.)
Schon vs. Bereits: Side by Side
| Context | Preferred Form | Приклад |
|---|---|---|
| Everyday speech | шон | Ich habe schon bezahlt. |
| News article | bereits | Er hat das Rennen bereits gewonnen. |
| Informal chat | шон | Hast du schon gehört? |
| Formal report | bereits | Die Arbeiten wurden bereits beendet. |
Common Mistakes — and How to Fix Them
- ❌ Bist du bereits fertig? (too formal in casual talk)
✔️ Better: Bist du schon fertig? - ❌ Die Firma hat das Projekt schon abgeschlossen. (grammatically fine but too casual for a report)
✔️ Better: Die Firma hat das Projekt bereits abgeschlossen.
FAQ: Schon vs. Bereits
Q: Are they synonyms?
Yes, in meaning, but not in style.
Q: Which one should I learn first?
Start with шон — it’s used far more often in conversation.
Q: Can I always replace schon with bereits?
Grammatically yes, but it will sound too formal in casual contexts.
Final Note
For beginners:
- Use шон in daily life.
- Use bereits in writing, news, or formal speech.
👉 For stylistic and cultural nuances, see Schon vs. Bereits: Why One Word Feels Warmer and the Other Colder by Tymur Levitin.
📚 Related Articles
- Perfekt vs. Präteritum: What’s the Real Difference?
- Schon vs. Bereits: Why One Word Feels Warmer and the Other Colder
👨🏫 Автор: Tymur Levitin — founder, director, and senior teacher at Levitin Language School | Start Language School by Tymur Levitin.
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© Tymur Levitin | Category: German Grammar for Beginners
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